Energy Dictionary

Comprehensive glossary of Canadian energy terms and concepts

Common Energy Terms

Baseload Power

The minimum level of electricity demand on the grid over a 24-hour period. Baseload plants operate continuously to meet this constant demand. Examples include nuclear, hydroelectric, and coal facilities.

CANDU Reactor

CANada Deuterium Uranium reactor - Canadian-designed nuclear technology using natural uranium fuel and heavy water as moderator. Known for online refueling capability and fuel flexibility.

Capacity Factor

The ratio of actual energy produced to the maximum possible energy if a plant operated at full capacity continuously. Nuclear plants typically achieve 90%+, while wind averages 25-35%.

Feed-in Tariff (FIT)

Policy mechanism offering long-term contracts to renewable energy producers at guaranteed prices. Ontario's Green Energy Act implemented one of North America's most comprehensive FIT programs.

LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas)

Natural gas cooled to -162°C, reducing volume by 600 times for efficient transportation and storage. Canada is developing LNG export terminals to access global markets.

Net Metering

System where electricity consumers with solar panels or other generation can sell excess power back to the grid, offsetting consumption charges.

Oil Sands (Tar Sands)

Mixture of sand, water, clay, and bitumen found primarily in Alberta. Canada holds the world's third-largest proven oil reserves, predominantly in oil sands deposits.

Peaker Plant

Power station that operates only during periods of high electricity demand. Typically natural gas turbines that can start quickly but operate at higher costs than baseload plants.

SAGD (Steam-Assisted Gravity Drainage)

In-situ oil sands extraction method using steam to heat bitumen, allowing it to flow to production wells. Used when deposits are too deep for surface mining.

Smart Grid

Electricity network using digital technology, sensors, and automation to optimize power delivery, integrate renewables, and respond to demand changes in real-time.